2020年复旦大学708基础英语考研初试真题.docx
新祥旭考研辅导咨询 VX: 15201309109 或 QQ:31777153442020年复旦大学 708基础英语考研初试真题第一大题:英译中,50 分:选自书:the Closing of the American Mind,作者 Allan Bloom,(中文名应该是:美国精神的封闭,作者布鲁姆),选的是 preface中的一部分,以下是原文A liberal education means precisely helping students to pose this question to themselves, to become aware that the answers is neither obvious nor simply unavailable, and that there is no serious life in which this question is not a continuous concern. Despite all the efforts to pervert it, the question that every young person asks, “who am I?,” the powerful urge to follow the Delphic command, “know thyself,” which is born in each of us, means in the first place“What is man?” And in our chronic lack of certainty, this comes down to knowing the alternative answers and thinking about them. Liberal education provides access to these alternatives, many of which go against the grain of our nature or our times. The Liberally educated person is one who is able to resist the easy and preferred answers, not because he is obstinate but because he knows others worthy of consideration. Although it is foolish to believe that book learning is anything like the whole of education, it is always necessary, particularly in ages when there is a poverty of living examples of the possible high human types. And book learning is most of what a teacher can giveproperly administered in an atmosphere in which its relation to life is plausible. Life will happen to his students. The most he can hope is that what he might give will inform life. Most students will be content with what our present considers relevant; others will have a spirit of enthusiasm that subsides as family and ambition 新祥旭考研辅导咨询 VX: 15201309109 或 QQ:3177715344provide them with other objects of interest; a small number will spend their lives in an effort to be autonomous. It is for these last, especially, that liberal education exists. They become the models for the use of the noblest human faculties and hence are benefactors to all of us, more for what they are than for what they what they do. Without their presence(and, one should add, without their being respectable), no societyno matter how technically adept or full of tender sentimentscan be called civilized.第二大题:中译英,50 分:选自林同济:中国思想的精髓(是林同济于1980年 11月在伯克利大学的演讲),以下是原文关于中国思想还有一点,就是在讨论人格问题时我们不能只考虑社会因素,太阳底下所有的事都要考虑进来,也包括太阳,就是所谓的天下,这才是更重要的。所以认为中国人的思想止于人文主义是错误的。多少个世纪以来,早在孔子的年代,尤其是秦朝之后,中国的人文主义就一直在寻找一个超人文主义的基础。我不知道我有没有误解了一些基本概念,但我觉得中国的人文主义似乎必须被理解为包含了一些超越人文主义本身的东西。从逻辑的角度来说,人文主义是解决自我和全体的问题。你不可能逃避这个问题,接着就出现了命运这个问题。你得找出你的命运,你作为一个存在体的命运。然后你的将它同宇宙相联系。这一联结是必不可少的。当我们集中精力研究人文主义时,中国的思想家们无一例外地将追求的目标摆在人文主义之上。我不知道你该如何给这个目标命名。你可以叫它宇宙人文主义。因为即使早在司马迁那时候,他就把基本的学习称为天人之际,天和人之间的关系。我说这是一种逻辑上的必然,但是这种必然也让人恐惧,因为高级文化中的人,尤其是启蒙时期之后,在追问一个问题,宇宙中哪里有他的位子,他将扮演的是怎样一个角色,在宇宙的本质相面前,究竟什么是他的本质?他将如何处理宇宙本质和他自己的本质之间的关系,他将采取怎样的行动?我认为这些触及到了命运的问题。也许你会说这些都是一种自欺欺人,是自我设置的障碍。也许是这样吧。但这是所有高新祥旭考研辅导咨询 VX: 15201309109 或 QQ:3177715344级文化中存在的人类的命运。第三大题:写 500字的 essay:Solitude,50 分