2017-858写作与翻译A卷答案.doc
第 1 页 共 5 页姓名:报考专业:准考证号码:密封线内不要写题2017 年全国硕士研究生招生考试初试自命题试题科目名称:写作与翻译( A 卷B 卷)科目代码:858 考试时间:3 小时 满分 150 分可使用的常用工具: 无 计算器 直尺 圆规(请在使用工具前打 )注意:所有答题内容必须写在答题纸上,写在试题或草稿纸上的一律无效;考完后试题随答题纸交回。Part One Translation (75 points)I. Translate the following into Chinese (40 points, 8 points for each item).1)The Grand Canyon has several weather environments. The top is often much different from the bottom. On some winter days, for example, you may find cold winds and snow at the top. But at the bottom, you may find warm winds and flowers. 大峡谷地区有好几种气候环境。谷顶和谷底的气候通常大相径庭。冬季来临时,谷顶可能寒风呼啸、遍布积雪,谷底却暖风佛面、鲜花盛开。2)The most widely discussed alternative to the traditional campus is the Internet University a voluntary community to scholars/teachers physically scattered throughout a country or around the world but all linked in cyberspace. A computerized university could have many advantages, such as easy scheduling, efficient delivery of lectures to thousands or even millions of students at once, and ready access for students everywhere to the resources of all the worlds great libraries.在取代传统校园的种种可能中,受到最广泛讨论的是互联网大学由学者/教师们自愿组成的一种社群,他们虽身处各地,但他们又通过网络连接在一起。一所网上大学具有很多优势,例如很容易安排授课进程,能有效地一次性向成千上万甚至是数百万学生第 2 页 共 5 页提供授课,还能为任何地方的学生提供途径方便地利用世界上所有大型图书馆的资源。3) Over the past two decades the United States has shown what it takes to be an economic superpowera strong currency, openness to imports, concessions in trade negotiations and articulating an economic philosophy for the rest of the world. Now that its apparently fading on so many counts, the question becomes: is Europe willing and prepared to do what the United States once did, in order to supplant it?在过去的 20 年间,美国显示了作为一个经济超级大国需要具备什么条件坚挺的货币,对进口商品开放市场,在贸易谈判中肯于让步,向世界各地阐明经济哲学。既然美国明显地在这么多方面渐渐失去了光彩,问题是:欧洲是否愿意、是否做好了准备去做美国曾经做过的事,以便取代美国呢?4)Whether 60 or 16, there is in every human beings heart the lure of wonder, the unfailing childlike appetite of whats next and the joy of the game of living. In the center of your heart and my heart there is a wireless station: so long as it receives messages of beauty, hope, cheer, courage and power from men and from the Infinite, so long are you young.无论年届花甲,抑或二八芳龄,心中皆有生命之欢乐,奇迹之诱惑,孩童般天真久盛不衰。人人心中皆有一台天线,只要你从天上人间接受美好、希望、欢乐、勇气和力量的信号,你就青春永驻,风华常存。5) Millions of people in Asia still use the abacus daily. And it has been in use there for a couple of thousand years or more. Not only is it an effective, practical tool, but it is nice to look at. The older they get and the longer they are handled by a human being, the lovelier they getsmooth and dark and polished.亚洲仍有数以百万计的人每天在使用算盘,在那里,算盘已使用了两千年,甚至更长。算盘不光是一个有效、实用的工具,而且看上去很美观。这东西越旧,让人摆弄的时间越长,就越招人喜欢光滑、乌亮、锃亮。II. Translate the following into English (35 points, 7 points for each item).1) 我们不仅要通过发展经济,把社会财富这个“蛋糕”做大,也要通过合理的收入分配制度把“蛋糕”分好。We will not only make the “pie” of social wealth bigger by 第 3 页 共 5 页developing the economy, but also make a fair distribution of it on the basis of a rational income distribution system.2) 这里气候温和,四季分明,雨量充沛,日照充足,适合多种农作物的生产。It enjoys a temperate climate with well-marked seasons and has plenty of rainfall and sunshine, favorable for growing crops.3)能量不断地从一种形式转变为另一种形式,就像一位化妆艺术家一样。当你自认为了解它的时候,它突然变成另一种完全不同的形式。The fact that it constantly changes from one form to another makes energy rather like a disguised artist. When you think you know what energy is, suddenly it has changed into a totally different form.4)由于幅员辽阔,民族众多,中国各地的饮食都有自己的特色。总体说来,西部和中部的味道偏辣,而南方和北方口味清淡(light)。Being such a vast and ethnically diverse country, each region of China has its own local taste. Generally speaking, food in western and central China is hot and spicy, and in the South and North light 5)京剧是中国影响最大的戏曲剧种,分布地以北京为中心,遍及全国,成为介绍、传播中国传统文化的重要手段。Peking Opera is the most influential opera in China. It is centered on Beijing and spreads all over the country, and it is an important means to introduce and disseminate traditional Chinese culture. Translation Score Description8-10 EXCELLENT TRANSLATIONThe translation faithfully reflects the original text with only 1 or 2 minor errors in vocabulary, syntax, punctuation or spelling. The translation is elegant (appropriate choice of words, a variety in sentence patterns).5-7 GOOD TRANSLATION WITH FEW INACCURACIESThe translation reflects almost the original text with relatively few significant errors of vocabulary, syntax, spelling or punctuation. The translation is readable (generally clear, smooth and cohesive).第 4 页 共 5 页3-4 PASSABLE TRANSLATION WITH SOME INACCURACIESThe translation adequately reflects most of the original text with occasional errors of vocabulary, syntax, spelling or punctuation. The translation is, for the most part, readable.1-2 INADEQUATE TRANSLATION WITH FREQUENT INACCURACIESThe translation only reflects a small part of the original text with frequent errors of vocabulary, syntax, spelling or punctuation. The translation is, in some parts, unreadable.Part Two Writing (75points)I. Write a letter on the following topic (25 points).(omitted)II. Write an essay on the following topic ( 50 points).(omitted)Writing Score Description 46-50 EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION WITH ACCURACIESThe writing effectively addresses the writing task. It demonstrates a well developed logical organizational structure with clearly stated main ideas and sufficient supporting details. It has almost no errors of vocabulary, spelling, punctuation or syntax, and it displays an adequate ability to use the language with appropriacy. 36-45 GOOD COMMUNICATION WITH FEW INACCURACIESThe writing adequately addresses almost all of the writing task, though it deals with some parts more effectively than others. It demonstrates a generally well developed logical organizational structure with main ideas and supporting details. It has relatively few significant errors of vocabulary, spelling, punctuation or syntax, and it displays an ability to use the language with appropriacy.26-35 PASSABLE COMMUNICATION WITH SOME INACCURACIES.第 5 页 共 5 页The writing adequately addresses most of the writing task. On the whole, it demonstrates an adequately developed organizational structure, though there may occasionally be a lack of relevance, clarity, consistency or support. It has occasional errors of vocabulary, spelling, punctuation or syntax, which may, from time to time, obscure meaning, and for the most part it displays some ability to use the language with appropriacy.16-25 PROBLEMATIC COMMUNICATION WITH FREQUENT INACCURACIESThe writing only addresses some of the writing task. It demonstrates an inadequate organizational structure, and there may quite often be a lack of relevance, clarity, consistency or support. It has frequent errors of vocabulary, spelling, punctuation or syntax, and it displays a limited ability to use the language with appropriacy.0-15 ALMOST NO COMMUNICATION