2017年上海海事大学翻译硕士英语211考研初试真题.docx
2017 年上海海事大学攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题(重要提示:答案必须做在答题纸上,做在试题上不给分)考试科目代码 211 考试科目名称翻译硕士英语Part I Vocabulary and Structure(30%)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1. At the forum, the environmentalists unanimously agreed that the air quality had _ these days.A) evaporated B) demolished C) deteriorated D) collapsed2. When she was a small girl, she used to _ the village theater almost every weekend.A) haunt B) linger C) hunt D) loiter3. As it is very hot, I am very thirsty. I need something to _ my thirst now.A) quest B) quiver C) queer D) quench4. Though attractive, the planning did not stand up to careful _ at the meeting.A) probe B) scrutinyC) warranty D) proclamation5. The audience waited until the curtain had risen and then _ into loud applause.A) cheered B) started C) burst D) ensued6. People held superstitious view on comets in the absence of a _ explanation for their returns.A) specific B) rational C) sophisticated D) consistent7. Johns success seems, in _, little short of miraculous to most of his peers.A) retention B) retrospect C) repression D) reunion8. The continuous heavy rain these days of this summer has _ the fields.A) saturated B) saluted C) salvaged D) savaged9. The company places a high _ on international business skills of its employees.A) pirate B) premium C) petition D) posture10. It is quite obvious that the machine cuts the grass as its blades _.A) revenges B) revives C) retrieves D) revolves11. A biologist does not merely describe _, but tries to learn what causes them to act as they do.A) organisms B) origins1C) organizations D) organs12. The essay is about how these basic beliefs and values affect some important _ of our way oflife.A) formats B) facetsC) dilemma D) directory13. Unlike that of iron construction, the technology for constructing buildings with _ concrete developed rather rapidly.A) extracted B) flungC) detached D) reinforced14. Obviously, our literary tradition is continually _ by new writers.A) nourished B) rupturedC) contrived D) fractured15. It was difficult to apprehend the criminal because of the _ details supplied by the witness.A) artistic B) explicitC) sketchy D) gruesome16. The best-selling book contains a gripping _ about their journey up the Amazon in South America.A) parameter B) superintendentC) spectrum D) narrative17. The breaking news caused a great _ among the people in the country.A) sergeant B) solidarityC) sanitation D) sensation18. The political situation in that country remains _ though the government officials are makingreassuring statements to the press.A) fanciful B) sinisterC) vulnerable D) savoury19. Many Oriental women are customarily wearing _ for modesty as well as protection from sun and dust.A) velvets B) veilsC) velocity D) veins20. The general manager became very _ when it was suggested that he had committed a mistake.A) empirical B) ingeniousC) versatile D) indignant21. That will _ an early start tomorrow morning.A) mingle B) batterC) scent D) entail22. Her running away from home last night was a great _ to her parents.A) grief B) grillC) grin D) grip23. Running has now become a popular _ for millions of people from different walks of life.A) fantasy B) pastimeC) lingo D) tempo24. The neighborhoods were alerted that the escaped criminal might be in the _.A) superiority B) radioactivity2C) vicinity D) proximity25. She has _ 90 years of her life though she doesnt look like that age.A) accomplished B) acquiredC) accumulated D) adapted26. There is a fierce _ between German team and Italian team for the final of the World Cup.A) sentry B) boundaryC) tributary D) rivalry27. Doctors of medicine are among the most _ members of the United States.A) abrupt B) affluentC) aesthetic D) arrogant28. The bride and groom walked slowly down the _ after their wedding ceremony in the church.A) album B) aisleC) alley D) advent29. My secretary, a _ typist, is very conscientious about correcting even the smallest error.A) precarious B) treacherousC) ambiguous D) meticulous30. The disagreement over the border issues could seriously _ relations between the two countries.A) visualize B) jeopardizeC) minimize D) sympathizePart II Reading Comprehension (40%)Directions: There are 5 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1Items 31 to 34 are based on the following passage:There are striking differences between financial markets on the Continent of Europe on the one hand, and in Britain on the other. In Britain, the market is really the City of London. It is a free market, and it controls most of the flow of savings to investment. On the Continent, either a few banks or government institutions dominate the money markets. In Britain there is more free interplay of market forces and far fewer regulations, rules and “red tape”. A French banker summed it up this way: “On the Continent you cant do anything unless youve been told you can; in England on the other hand you can do everything as long as you havent been told not to.”There are many basic reasons for these differences. One is that Continental savers tend to prefer gold, cash or short-term assets. They invest only 10% of their savings in institutions like pension funds or insurance companies. But in Britain 50% of savings goes to them, and they, in turn, invest directly in equity (证券) market. A far lower proportion of savings is put in the banks in the form of liquid assets than on the Continent. Continental governments intervene directly or through the banks to collect savings together and transform them into medium or long-term loans for investment. The equity market is largely bypassed. On the Continent economic planning tends to be far more centralized than in Britain. In Britain it is possible to influence decisions affecting the countrys economy from within the City. It attracts a skilled and highly qualified work force. In France, on the other hand, an intelligent young man who wants a career in finance would probably find the civil service more attractive.3In Britain the market, or more accurately, money tends to be regarded as an end in itself. On the Continent it is regarded as a means to an end; investment in the economy. To British eyes continental systems with the possible exception of the Dutch seem slow and inefficient. But there is one outstanding fact the City should not overlook. Britains growth rates and levels of investment over the last ten years have been much lower than on the Continent. There are many reasons for this, but the City must take part of the blame. If it is accepted that the basic function of a financial market is to supply industry and commerce with finance in order to achieve desired rates of growth, it can be said that by concentrating on the market for its own sake the City has tended to forget that basic function.31. What is the best title for the passage?A) Savings and the Growth RateB) Banking and Finance: Two Different RealitiesC) Monetary Policy in BritainD) The European Continent and Britain32. What seems to be the most basic reason for this difference?A) The British tend to regard money as an end, whereas Continental European consider it a means to an end.B) The British invest only 10% of their savings in pension funds.C) On the Continent you cant do anything unless you have been told you can.D) Intelligent young men who want a career tend to go to civil service on the Continent.33. According to the passage, the Dutch way of finance and banking _.A) is similar to that of the FrenchB) makes no difference whatever system it is compared toC) is perhaps resembling that of the BritishD) has a low efficiency34. In what way does the Continental system seem better?A) The Continent maintains a higher growth rate and levels of investment.B) It has less proportions of savings in the form of liquid assets.C) It attracts intelligent young men.D) It functions properly despite the fact that the British discount it.Passage 2Items 35 to 38 are based on the following passage:Political controversy about the public land policy of the United States began with the American Revolution. In fact, even before independence from Britain was won, it became clear that resolving the dilemmas surrounding the public domain might prove necessary to preserve the Union itself.At the peace negotiations with Britain, Americans demanded, and got, a western boundary at the Mississippi River. Thus the new nation secured for its birthright a vast internal empire rich in agricultural and mineral resources. But under their colonial charters, seven states Massachusetts, Connecticut, New York, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia claimed portions of the western wilderness. Virginias claim was the largest, stretching north and west to encompass the later states of Kentucky, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, and Wisconsin. The language of the charters was vague and their validity questionable, but during the war Virginia reinforced its title by sponsoring Colonel George Rogers Clarks 1778 expedition to Vincennes and Kaskas-kia, which strengthened Americas trans-Appalachia claim at the peace table.The six states holding no claim to the transmountainous region doubted whether a confederacy in which4territory was so unevenly apportioned would truly prove what it claimed to be, a union of equals. Already New Jersey, Delaware, Rhode Island, and Maryland were among the smallest and least populous of the states. While they levied heavy taxes to repay state war debts, their larger neighbors might retire debts out of land-sale proceeds. Drawn by fresh lands and low taxes, people would desert the small states for the large, leaving the former to fall into bankruptcy and eventually into political conquest. All the states shared in the war effort, said the New Jersey legislature; how then could half of them “be left to sink under an enormous debt, whilst others are enabled, in a short period, to replace all their expenditures from the hard earnings of the whole confederacy?” As the Revolution was a common endeavor, so ought its fruits, including the western lands, to be a common property.35. With which of the following topics is the passage primarily concerned?A) A controversial public-land policy.B) How independence from Britain was won.C) The land holdings of Massachusetts.D) How New Jersey developed its western land.36. Which state laid claim to the largest land-holdings?A) North Carolina . B) South Carolina.C) Virginia. D) Georgia.37. Why does the author mention Colonel Clarks expedition?A) To explain how one state strengthened its land claims.B) To criticize an effort to acquire additional agricultural resources.C) To show that many explorers searched for new lands.D) To question the validity of Virginias claims.38. According to the passage, the smaller states tried to raise money to pay their war debts by _.A) collecting taxes B) exporting crops C) selling land D) raising cattlePassage 3Items 39 to 42 are based on the following passage:In one very long sentence, the introduction to the U.N. Charter expresses the ideals and the common aims of all the peoples whose governments joined together to form the U.N.“We the people of the U.N. determined to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war, which twice in our lifetime has brought untold suffering to mankind, and to reaffirm faith in fundamental rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person, in the equal rights of men and women and of nations large and small, and to establish conditions under which justice and respect for the obligations arising from treaties and other sources of international law can be maintained, and to promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom, and for these ends, to practise tolerance and live together in peace with one another as good neighbours, and to unite our strength to maintain international peace and security, and to ensure, by the acceptance of principles and the institution of methods, that armed force shall not be used, save in the common interest, and to employ international machinery for the promotion of economic and social advancement of all peoples, have resolved to combine our efforts to accomplish these aims.”The name “United Nations” is accredited to U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, and the first group of representatives of member states met and signed a declaration of common intent on New Years Day in 1942. Representatives of five powers worked together to draw up proposals, completed at Dumbarton Oaks in 1944.5These proposals, modified after deliberation at the conference on International Organization in San Francisco which began in April 1945, were finally agreed on and signed at the U.N. Charter by 50 countries on 26 June 1945. Poland, not represented at the conference, signed the Charter later and was added to the list of original members. It was not until that autumn, however, after the Charter had been ratified by China, France, the U.S.S.R., the U.K. and the U.S. and by a majority of the other participants that the U.N. officially came into existence. The date was 24 October, now universally celebrated as United Nations Day.39. The first stated aim of the U.N. was _.A) to supervise peace treatiesB) to revise international lawsC) to prevent a third world warD) to assist the third world countries40. Under its Charter, the U.N. guarantees _.A) never to use armsB) to employ international machinesC) better standards of lifeD) to promote economic and social advancement41. President Roosevelt _.A) probably devised the name “The United Nations”B) was given the name “The United Nations”C) established “The United Nations”D) was a credit to “The United Nations”42. Dumbarton Oaks was the place where _.A) the U.N. first metB) Representatives of five powers formulated basic suggestionsC) The final proposals were agreed on and the Charter signedD) 50 countries signed the U.N. CharterPassage 4Items 43 to 46 are based on the following passage:How exactly, does science work? How do scientists go about “doing” science? Ordinarily we think science proceeds in a straight-forward way. Ideally scientists make observations, formulate hypotheses, and test those hypotheses by making further observations. When there is difference between what is observed and what is predicted