12020年考研英语一模拟题（三）Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D onthe ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Many people invest in the stock market hoping to find the next Microsoft and Dell. However, Iknow_1_personal experience how difficult this really is. For more than a year, I waw_2_hundredsand sometimes thousands of dollars a day investing in the market. It seemed so easy, I dreamedof_3_my job at the end of the year, of buying a small apartment in Paris, of traveling around theworld. But these dreams_4_to a sudden and dramatic end when a stock I_5_, Texas cellular ponewholesaler, fell by more than 75 percent_6_a one year period. On the_7_day, it plunged by morethan $ 15 a share. There was a rumor the company was_8_sales figures. That was when I leamedhow quickly Wall street _9_ companies that misrepresent the_10_.In a_11_, I sold all my stock in the company, paying_12_margin debt with cash advancesfrom my_13_card. Because I owned so many shares, I_14_a small fortune, half of it from money Iborrowed from the brokerage company. One month, I am a_15_, the next, a loser. This one big losswas my first lesson in the market.My father was a stockbroker, as way my grandfather_16_him. (In fact, he founded one ofChicago 's earliest brokerage firms.) But like so many things in life, we don't learn anything untilwe_17_ it for ourselves. The only way to really understand the inner_18_of the stock market is toinvest your own hard-earned money. When all your stocks are doing_19_and you feel like a winner,you learn very little. It's when all your stocks are losing and everyone is questioning yourstock-picking_20_ that you find out if you have what it takes to invest in the market.1.A. at B.in C.from D. by2. A. making B.spending C.selling D.buying3. A. losing B.retiring C.getting D.quitting4. A. turned B.came C.went D.seemed25. A. owned B.owed C.rented D.sold6. A. over B.by C.from D.with7. A. busy B.slow C.worst D.fast8. A. cheating B.exaggerating C.announcing D.beating9. A. punishes B.defeats C.tells D.shows10. A.trade B.truth C.lie D.lies11. A. despair B.worry C.panic D.moment12. A. all B.off C.over D.up13.A. credit B.identity C.identfication D.loan14. A. won B.lost C.gained D.found15. A. winner B.champagne C.genius D.mentor16. A. after B.before C.for D.and17. A. remember B. live C. imagine D.experience18. A. workings B. innings C.price D.shares19. A. more B.great C.much D.up20. A. facility B.faculty C.ability D.powerSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer thequestions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1The Commercial Revolution was not confined, of course, to the growth of trade and banking.Included in it also were fundamental changes in methods of production. The system of manufacturedeveloped by the craft guilds in the later Middle Ages was rapidly becoming defunct. The guildsthemselves, dominated by the master craftsmen, had grown selfish and exclusive. Membership in themwas commonly restricted to a few privileged families. Besides, they were so completely choked bytradition that they were unable to make adjustments to changing conditions. Moreover, new industrieshad sprung up entirely outside the guild system. Characteristic examples were mining and smelting andthe woolen industry. The rapid development of these enterprises was stimulated by technical advances,3such as the invention of the spinning wheel and the discovery of a new method of making brass, whichsaved about half of the fuel previously used. In the mining and smelting industries a form oforganization was adopted similar to that which has prevailed ever since.But the most typical form of industrial production in the Commercial Revolution was the domesticsystem, developed first of all in the woolen industry. The domestic system derives its name from thefact that the work was done in the homes of industrial artisans instead of in the shop of a mastercraftsman. Since the various jobs in the manufacture of a product were given out on contract, thesystem is also known as the putting out system. Notwithstanding the petty scale of production, theorganization was basically capitalistic. The raw material was purchased by an entrepreneur andassigned to individual worker, each of whom would complete his allotted task for a stipulated payment.In the case of the woolen industry the yarn would be given out first of all to the spinners, then to theweavers, fullers, and dyer in succession. When the cloth was finally finished, it would be taken by theclothier and sold in the open market for the highest price it would bring.21.According to the article, what changes did the Commercial Revolution bring about?A. Methods of productionB. Appearance of craft guildsC. Increased trade volumeD. Growth of trade, banking and methods of production22.The word“defunct” in the first paragraph most probably means_A. popular B. obsolete C. potential D. flourishing23.According to the article, in which area was it more energy-efficient?A. Smelting industry B. Mining industry C. Banking D. Weaving24. The author implies that_.A. The guild system was more efficientB. The domestic system was capitalisticC. The technical advances stimulated the guild systemD. The domestic system was not as efficient as the guild system425. According to the article, which one of the following statements is NOT true?A. Technical advances stimulated the development of enterprisesB. In the woolen industry, weavers would pass on their products to spinnersC. The domestic system is also known as the putting out systemD. The word “clothier” is synonymous to “entrepreneur” in this contextText 2And researchers say that like those literary romantics Romeo and Juliet, they may be blind to theconsequences of their quests for an idealized mate who serves their every physical and emotional need.Nealy 19 in 20 never-married respondents to a national survey agree that “when you marry youwant your spouse to be your soul mate, first and foremost.” according to the State of Our Unions: 2001study released Wednesday by Rutgers University.David Popenoe, a Rutgers sociologist and one of the study's authors, said that view might spelldoom for marriages.“It really provides a very unrealistic view of what marriage really is.” Popenoe said. “Thestandard becomes so high, it 's not easy to bail out if you didn't find a soul mate.”The survey points to fundamental dilemma in which younger people want more from theinstitution of marriage while they seemingly are unwilling to make the necessary commitments.The survey also suggests that some respondents expect too much from a spouse, including thekind of emotional support rendered by same-sex-friends. The authors of the study also suggest that thegeneration that was polled may more quickly leave a margin because of infidelity than pastgenerations.Popenoe said the poll, conducted by the Gallup Organization, is the first of its kind to concentrateon people in their 20s. A total of 1, 003 married and single young adults nationwide were interviewedby telephone between January and March. The margin of error was plus or minus four percentagepoints.Respondents said they eventually want to get married, realize it's a lot of work and think there aretoo many divorces. They believe there is one right person for them out there somewhere and think theirown marriages won't end in divorce.5Since the poll is the first of its kind, researchers say it is impossible to say if expectations aboutmarriage are changing or static.But scholars say the search for soul mates has increased over the last generationand the lastcenturyas marriage has become an institution centering on romance rather than utility.“One hundred years ago, people married for financial reasons, for tying families together, theymarried for political reasons,” said John DeLamater, a sociologist at the University of Wisconsin.“And most people had children.”Those conditions are no longer the case for young adults like David Asher, a 24-year waiter in aTrenton cafe who has been in a relationship for about two years. He wants to wait to make sure he'sready to exchange vows.“I know a lot of it has to do with financial reasons,” he said. “Maybe if you're going to havechildren, marriage is the best bet.”But the main reason for matrimony:“If you're in love with someone, it's sort of like promising tothem you are in love.”That's all well and good, said Heather Helms-Erikson, an assistant professor of humandevelopment an family studies at the University of North Carolina at Greensboro, but passion partlyin endorpincaused physiological phenomenonhas been known to diminish in time.26. What's the best title of this passage?A. Marriage Scholars Worry Search for “Soul Mates” is Unrealistic.B. People Should Seek for Romeo and Juliet.C. Marriage Should Happen between Soul Mates.D. Search for “Soul Mates” Should be Superseded by Reality.27. The new study in this passage shows that_.A. many Americans are very practical when they search for a spouseB. American 20-somethings have a largely romantic view of marriageC. Romantic view of marriage might lead marriage to a happy endingD. Americans are fond of marriage life so they will not care cohabitation628. It can be inferred that the author would most likely agree with which of the followingstatements regarding marriage?A. It usually involves idealized mates who can serve their every physical and emotionalneed.B. It may not be realized unless the couple consider carefully about their responsibility andcommitment.C. It becomes more unrealistic nowadays than in the past because most people center onromance instead of utility.D. It results from many reasons such as financial reasons, family reunion, and politicalreasons.29. Which of the following is not one of the differences between this generation and the pastgenerations as far as marriage is concerned?A. The young people nowadays require more from marriage but they seem not to be willing tomake necessary commitments.B. This generation expects too much from their spouses and they cannot keep to be faithful totheir husbands or wives.C. The young people at present pay more attention to look for soul mates than the pastgenerations when they search for partners.D. Now some young people usually marry for the same reasons as the older generations suchas financial one and children.30. Which of the following sentences will Heather Helms-Erikon use to illustrate her own argumentA.“Ten years into a marriage, you will still have great passion and you notice someone else and say,Only my wife or husband is my soul mate.”B. “The romantic part of marriagewhile it can be thereshould not be substituted by otherthings such as shared values and social status.”7C. “The couple should focus on the three Cscommunication, conflict resolution andcommitmentto make marriage the first priority.”D.“Ten years into a marriage, you don't have that any more and you notice someone else andthink, Maybe this person is my soul mate.”Text 3Visiting a National Park can be relaxing, inspiring, but it can also be disturbing. As you drive intoRocky Mountain National Park, and you will see starving elk, damaged meadows and dying forests.Our parks are growing old because we have mistakenly protected them from natural processes, such asfire, predation, and insects. We believed that we were saving these remnants of wild America, butactually we have “protected” them to death. If we want to save our National Parks, the National ParkService must change its management priorities to prevent over population of animals and to restorenatural process in the forest in order to prevent their stagnation and “death” by old age. We must actsoon: our parks are dying of old age because we have altered the forces in nature that keep them youngand strong.By tracing the history of our National Parks, we can understand the problem and see why we needactive management. In the early part of the 20th century, settlers exploited wildlife heavily, resulting inneat-extinction of many species. Therefore, several National Parks were established by Congressprimarily to save endangered animals. However, stricter wildlife protection laws and improved wildlifemanagement techniques resulted in greater populations of animals overcrowding in areas of highconcentration, such as the Yellowstone elk herds. Complicating the problem, the National Park Servicein the early part of the 20th century adopted a policy of aggressive predator elimination, thus reducingnatural wildlife population control. Subsequently, elk and deer populations exploded in many NationalParks, resulting in severe damage to native vegetation. Vigorous forest fire and insect suppression inthe National Parks through out the 20th century further altered the natural environment by allowingforests to over-mature, without natural thinning processes. Park managers thought that they wereprotecting the land, but actually they were removing important controls from the forest ecosystems.Clearly, we must act immediately if we want to pass down to our children and grandchildren thegreen legacy of our National Parks: we must step in and restore the natural processes which we havealtered through our well-intentioned, but misguided, policies in the past.31. According to the article, strict wildlife protection laws and improved wildlife managementtechniques_.A. caused the near extinction of the endangered animalsB. intervened the natural processC. made the visit of National Parks relaxing, and inspiring and rejuvenatingD. saved the elks in the Rocky Mountain Park from starvation32.According to the author, there would not be starving elks, damaged meadows or dyingforests in National Parks if_.8A. the government introduced stricter wildlife lawsB. the National Park Service employed more wildlife management techniquesC. the natural processes were restoredD. we continued to improve our natural environment33.According to the article, a population explosion of elk and deer was caused alsoby_.A. the adoption of a policy of aggressive predator elimination B. the increased number of NationParksC. the decreasing number of visitors to National ParksD. the heavy exploitation of endangered animals in the 20 century34. From the article, we can deduce that the author_. A. is in support of the presentpoliciesB. appreciates the present management techniquesC. thinks that the forces in nature should be alteredD. is strongly in favor of the natural processes35. Which one of the following statements is NOT true according to the article? A. Park managersinterrupted the forest ecosystems through out the 20th century. B. Flesh-eating animals should not beeliminated.C. Insect suppression may cause the forests to over-mature.D. Severe damage to na